Objective 4:
1. The thermal energy (heat) of objects at a warmer temperature is a lot warmer than the thermal energy of objects at a cooler temperature. This is because particles in these objects react to heat by jumping around, or getting excited, which causes an object to be warm. If there is no heat, the particles aren't jumping around, so there is no heat produced.
2. Ice cream can melt from temperature. This is because, since it is so hot outside, the ice cream is absorbing a lot of energy from the sun, which causes it to melt because of the question above (#1.) Another reason why ice cream melts is the ingredients inside of it, which includes fat. Non-fat ice cream will melt more slowly than regular ice cream because, since there is less fat, there is less water. In non-fat ice cream, there is more water, which means it will have to absorb more energy in order to melt.
3. The melting point of particles has to do with the vibrating particles because when particles in an object absorb heat, or energy, they start to move around (vibrate), and this causes them to melt. The more particles vibrate, the faster they melt.
4. Condensation occurs when humid air, or air that is "saturated with moisture" cools down very quickly. This causes the water to make little droplets. An example of this is when there is condensation on a cup with cold liquid inside of it.
5. Sublimation is when a solid goes straight to a gas, without being a liquid first. Sublimation happens when there is low humidity and the temperature is just below freezing.
Cites:
http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09187/981622-115.stm
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_does_condensation_occur
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem00/chem00402.htm
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