Camera Into Space

Right now in science class we are working on sending a camera into space.  We divided up into teams and Gabby, Maybry, Gray, Elizabeth, and I are working on the parachute.  We have been doing research and coming up with what materials we are going to use.  We have a google doc page up that we are working on since we are in different classes.  We have a few ideas about the design and material...

Material: a type of "rip-stop" nylon that is specially used for parachutes, rope that is fairly thick to be able to support it.

Design:

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Hopefully we will have some more updates soon...maybe pictures of the test runs:)

Balloon Racer

We finally got our balloon racer to work!!!  Here are the calculations...

Mass: 100 grams

Acceleration: 0.24 m/s *squared*

Total net force: 24 N

Pictures:

I was not too happy with Gabby at the moment...

I think that we built like three different cars...and Gabby broke one!!!


















Description: Our balloon racer's body was made out of styrofoam and the wheels were CD's.  To secure the wheels, there were Gatorade tops that kept them in lign.  There were wooden dowels that were the axels for the wheels.  At first, the body was made of cardboard, but it wasn't sturdy enough.  It was also too heavy.  The last thing that we did was put weights (20 grams) on the front to make sure that it went straight.  

Test 10 ~ Objective 6

Objective 6:

1. acid: something that reacts with a base to neutralizes its properties, something that tastes sour, something that reacts with an active metal to liberate hydrogen gas, and something that conducts electricity

2. neutralization: a chemical reaction when an acid and a base react to form salt

3. indicator: a halochromic (when the pH changes, the color also changes) chemical compound that you can add to a solution little by little to see the pH of a solution can be indicated visually

4. corrosive: if something is corrosive, then it will destroy or severely damage another thing when it comes into contact with it

5. hydroxide ion: the negatively charged ion in a water solution of a base (they type of ions that are formed when bases are dissolved in water)

Cites:
http://www.zellescienceblog.blogspot.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralization_(chemistry)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH_indicator
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosive_substance
http://www.yourdictionary.com/hydroxide-ion

Test 10 ~ Objective 5

Objective 5:

1. The two parts of digestion are mechanical and chemical.

2. Mechanical digestion requires "manual" labor, like by chewing.  Chemical digestion is when there is hydrochloric acid in your stomach and small intestine.

3. Well, if someone can't chew their own food, then their body can't preform mechanical digestion, so their body has to preform a lot more chemical digestion, which could maybe be overworked.

4. The pH in your mouth is 7.  The pH in your stomach is 1.5 .  The pH in your small intestine is 8.

5. Different enzymes work better with different pH values, and enzymes evolved in digestion can effect reactions within and outside of cells.

Cites:
www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/biology/.../digestive/index.shtml
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_mechanical_digestion_and_chemical_digestion#ixzz16btmgJUm
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_ph_in_your_mouth
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_pH_of_the_stomach
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_ph_of_your_small_intestine
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_is_pH_important_during_digestion

Test 10 ~ Objective 4

Objective 4:

1. The common ion found in all acids is H+.

2. When acids and bases dissolve in water, acids form hydrogen ions (hydrogens that have lost their electron), and bases form hydroxide ions.

3. The ions that the acid NHO3 will form after being dissolved in water are H + NO3.

4. A substance's pH tells you the amount of H+ ions there are in it.  If the pH is higher lower that 7, it is an acid, and if it is higher, it is a base.

5. When the pH is low, the concentration of hydrogen is higher.... so the pH of 3 would have more hydrogen ions.  Basically, when the pH is lower than 7, there are more hydrogen ions that hydroxide ions (because anything with a pH lower than 7 is an acid, and when acids dissolve in water, they form hydrogen ions... so there are more.)  Similarly, when the pH is higher than 7, there are more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions for the same reasons.

Cites:
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_ion_is_present_in_all_acidic_solutions
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_happens_when_acids_and_bases_dissolve_in_water
http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080108190009AA0Uied
http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090102141813AAr1kRp
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_solution_has_a_greater_concentration_of_hydrogen_ions_a_solution_with_a_pH_of_3_of_a_pH_of_7_Explain

Test 10 ~ Objective 3

Objective 3:

1. The four properties of acids are that they are sour tasting, conduct electricity, they react to a base to neutralize its properties, and acts reacts with active metals to liberate hydrogen gas.

2. The four properties of bases are that they are bitter tasting, conduct electricity, they react to acids to neutralized its properties, and feels slippery to the skin

3. You can use the litmus paper by pouring the acid or base onto it, and you can see wether it is an acid or a base by what color the paper turns.  If it turns red, it is an acid, and if the paper turns blue, it is a base.

4. You can tell if a food contains acid because it will taste sour (like I said in number one.)  An example of a drink that contains acid is orange juice, and it can be very sour.  

5. It is important to wear gloves when you are spreading fertilizer in the garden because there are chemicals that will burn or irritate your hands.  Maybe there are acids in the fertilizer that could burn you.

Cites:

http://plaza.obu.edu/corneliusk/ps/chem/a_b.pdf 

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_can_you_use_litmus_paper_to_distinguish_an_acid_from_a_base 

http://homegarden.me/why-is-it-wise-to-wear-gloves-when-spreading-fertilizer-in-a-garden/ 

Test 10 ~ Objective 2

Objective 2:


1. Concentration is the measure of how much of another substance is in a different substance. To measure, you need to know the ratio of the solvent to the solute.


2. Solubility can be useful in finding the substances because it is a characteristic of common matter.  The common characteristic of solubility can be used to figure out how much of a certain substance can be dissolved in the solvent.  So, if you know the solubility, then you know how much of a solute can be added to the solvent until it is at its maximum concentration, which I talked about in the first question.  


3. The three factors that affect solubility are temperature, pressure, and polarity.


4. Heat is needed to break the bonds that holds the molecules together, and solubility depends on heat.


5. Solubility is helpful in seeing the substances because you can see how much of something is able to be dissolved in it.


Cites:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_is_solubility_useful_in_identifying_substances
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility

http://www.solubilityofthings.com/basics/factors_affecting_solubility.php 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility#Temperature